Lori Bongiorno

How to detect misleading ads

Woman in store / iStockPhoto

How do you know if an ad is telling the truth? It's not always easy, but there are certain clues you can look for to determine if the claims an ad is making are legit or if a marketer is purposely trying to mislead you into thinking a product is healthier, safer, or greener than it truly is.

Here are some ways to determine if advertising claims are fact or fiction...

Words matter. Look for specific rather than general claims. The following words are essentially meaningless because they are too vague and/or there aren't any standard definitions for them:

  • Natural
  • Hypoallergenic
  • Nontoxic
  • Fragrance-free or unscented
  • Free range
  • Hormone-free
  • Antibiotic-free
  • Eco-friendly, environmentally preferable, or eco-safe
  • Green

Meaningless claims are ubiquitous in the marketplace. For instance, about 33 percent of food and beverage products launched last year made some kind of "natural" claim. When shopping, it's safer to look for specific attributes, but there are no guarantees because in many cases there's no one verifying the manufacturers claims.

Some examples of specific claims:

  • Made from post-consumer recycled paper
  • Formaldehyde-free
  • No additives
  • No animal byproducts
  • No parabens
  • Phosphate-free

Visit Consumer Reports' Eco-labels center to find out which labels and terms you can trust.

Look for proof. Choose products with claims that can be verified or that have been certified by a third party. These products have been vetted by an independent agency to ensure that they meet certain standards. Some credible logos to look for include USDA Organic, Energy Star, Forest Stewardship Council certified, Rainforest Alliance certified, and Green Seal.

The U.S. Federal Trade Commission recently charged K-Mart and other companies with making deceptive and unsubstantiated biodegradable claims on some paper products. The FTC is expected to update its outdated regulations for green advertising claims sometime this year. Hopefully consumers won't have to read between the lines quite as much if the government cracks down on misleading claims.

Rely on experts. These websites do the homework for you: GoodGuide rates food, toys, personal care items, and household products based on environmental, social, and health attributes. Greenzer collects product and merchant info from across the Internet to create a score for each product it features on its site. Environmental Working Group's Skin Deep Cosmetics Database can help you find the safest and healthiest cosmetics and personal care products.

Check out TerraChoice's list of the Seven Sins of Greenwashing for additional tips on sniffing out misleading advertising.

Want to see some of the most egregiously misleading ads? View a full sampling, post your own examples, and vote for the worst offenders at the Greenwashing Index. Or read about Huddler's top picks.

 

Yahoo! Green is now on Twitter!  Follow us at http://twitter.com/YahooGreen.  

Environmental journalist Lori Bongiorno shares green-living tips and product reviews with Yahoo! Green's users. Send Lori a question or suggestion for potential use in a future column. Her book, Green Greener Greenest: A Practical Guide to Making Eco-smart Choices a Part of Your Life is available on Yahoo! Shopping and Amazon.com.

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comments from our community

Showing 1 - 15 of 34 comments

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  • Posted by Milieunet Fri Jun 19, 2009 8:25am PDT
    Great article, see also The 10 Signs of Greenwash http://tinyurl.com/m4j5pv and The Greenwash Guide (PDF)http://www.futerra.co.uk/downloads/Greenwash_Guide.pdf
    Report Abuse
  • Posted by Trojan Man Sun Jul 5, 2009 10:25pm PDT
    lol
    Report Abuse
  • Posted by Pump M Sun Jul 5, 2009 11:18pm PDT
    im not an editor but this lady stuck two words together three times (likethis)
    Report Abuse
  • Posted by Keith M Sun Jul 5, 2009 11:38pm PDT
    So....if "Green" is an essentially meaningless term, why is this section of Yahoo titled "Yahoo Green"?
    Report Abuse
  • Posted by Mc100 Sun Jul 5, 2009 11:51pm PDT
    LOL nice call Keith M.
    Report Abuse
  • Posted by BryanM Sun Jul 5, 2009 11:54pm PDT
    "Best in Class" is useless as a claim as well, especially when dealing with automobiles. For years, the Dodge Durango was touted as being Best in Class and it turned out it was the only vehicle that fit the description of its class. So it was the best out of one.
    Report Abuse
  • Posted by Hockeyboy Mon Jul 6, 2009 12:18am PDT
    WOW just click her picture and it talks about how she wrote a book about greeen stuff hahahha
    Report Abuse
  • Posted by SethK Mon Jul 6, 2009 12:38am PDT
    clearly she means green as being generally green,but not specifying how its green,it could be 1 percent green,as opposed to 50 percent like more specific claims,getting too literal is one of the points of this whole message,and it seems as the readers are fooled just as easy on blogs as they are on products
    Report Abuse
  • Posted by ravenbridges@ymail.com Mon Jul 6, 2009 12:49am PDT
    hmmmmmm...
    Report Abuse
  • Posted by cherry street Mon Jul 6, 2009 12:56am PDT
    THIS IS EXACTLY WHY DEREGULATION IS A JOKE. BUSINESSES ONLY CARE ABOUT MONEY AND NOT ABOUT THE TRUTH OR RESPONSIBILITY TO THE CUSTOMER. NEED I REMIND YOU OF THE PET FOOD CRISIS AND THE LEAD IN CHILDRENS TOYS AND THE HOUSING MARKET CRASH? I WORKED FOR A REPUBLICAN BUSINESS OWNER THAT POLLUTED NEAR A PARK AND HAD COKEHEADS (cheap labor) MIXING VITAL FOOD INGREDIENTS. so when free product and refunds went out to consumers with bad reactions (which was several times per day! worse is that this company is making tons of money yet today) it was a safe bet that the cokeheads were a little too drunk at work and messed up the mixtures. sad
    Report Abuse
  • Posted by Dale W Mon Jul 6, 2009 12:59am PDT
    ravenbridges, are you pondering whether or not I pooped myself? I'm pretty sure I did.
    Report Abuse
  • Posted by First L Mon Jul 6, 2009 3:36am PDT
    This isn't about deregulation, it is about advertising. The housing crisis wasn't caused by deregulation but rather by an overreach by psuedo government agencies Freddy and Fannie. The lead paint in toys was from China. Think critically and don't be swayed by mass media reporting fictions so often that they then become facts.
    Report Abuse
  • Posted by Myrton W Mon Jul 6, 2009 3:54am PDT
    you know i have watch corpation run to other country and start building companies and uneploye american workers but for every uneployee is buying you cannot buy on uneployement biniffets used to be a consumer if these people have not relixed this than maybe thier asetts will also decline in america solar enegery can be very useful in america and yes we can build it here but yes our wages will be high it cost money in all from 250,000 a yr all the way back down to 5.35 a hrly wages but most wages is being paid at 10 hrly but you gotta have jobs in america to be a consumer believe in america re envest in america high wages are great but remember americans built on trust share in profitts just think about it when america had jobs in america products where being sold to american consumers but prices jump up high cause it cost money to rebuild in forien country and uneployee american work force this is a fact american working force are consumer unemployees leads to not buying consumers products
    Report Abuse
  • Posted by Makes you wonder Mon Jul 6, 2009 4:24am PDT
    The best bull@#$% line of them all is "All Natural" In todays world it really means contaminated with pesticides.Whole foods uses this line all the time for there cooked foods.
    Report Abuse
  • Posted by Rob Mon Jul 6, 2009 5:02am PDT
    I huge one that was (deliberately?) missed? "Trans fat free". If the label says this, read the ingredients list, and if the ingredients show anything with the word "hydrogenated", it isn't trans fat free at all.
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