Lori Bongiorno

Paper or plastic? The surprising answer

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It's easy to think of plastic as the villain. After all, there's a growing number of cities and countries around the globe either banning them outright or proposing taxes and fees to discourage their use. Here's a partial list: San Francisco, Los Angeles, Westport (Connecticut), Seattle, Portland, China, Ireland, Australia, and Italy.

 

And yet, the answer to that age-old question is not nearly as clear-cut as it may seem. Did you know, for example, that more energy is used to produce paper bags than their plastic counterparts? Making paper bags also requires a lot of water (not to mention trees).

 

The production of plastic bags is equally problematic. They're made from oil (an estimated 12 million barrels a year just to produce those used in the U.S.). Another huge downside is that they can make their way into large bodies of water and harm marine life.    

 

The best option, of course, is quite familiar by now. Forgo single use bags and carry your own reusable bags. Choose the best-quality bags you can afford so that they last a long time, such as those made by ChicoBag or Envirosax. Or check out the extensive selection at Reusablebags.com. Remember, though, that simply buying them doesn't do anything for the planet. You need to use them in place of throwaway bags.    

 

That said, there are probably going to be times when you are forced to pick one over the other.  While the choice between plastic and paper is a toss-up when simply looking at how they are produced, there are other things to consider. What you do with single-use bags when you are done with them and where you live are important factors, says Jenny Powers of the Natural Resources Defense Council. Follow these simple guidelines:    

 

When to pick plastic:

  • The paper-bag option is made from timber instead of post-consumer recycled fiber (and it's not in danger of ending up in an ocean). Look for a label on the bag or ask your store.
  • You are more likely to reuse a plastic bag than one made of paper. Consider using them for your trash instead of spending money on new plastic garbage liners at the store. In that scenario, you're getting two uses out of the plastic bag, so it's like having a bag made from 50 percent recycled content, says Martin Wolf, Director of Product & Environmental Technology at Seventh Generation.   
  • You can recycle plastic bags more easily than paper.

 

When to choose paper:

  • The bag is made from post-consumer recycled fiber.
  • You live in a place where there is a risk that a plastic bag might end up in a large body of water.
  • You can reuse or recycle a paper bag more easily than one made of plastic.  

 

Click here to find local recycling options for plastic bags or brown paper bags


Environmental journalist Lori Bongiorno shares green-living tips and product reviews with Yahoo! Green's users. Send Lori a question or suggestion for potential use in a future column. Her book, "Green, Greener, Greenest: A Practical Guide to Making Eco-Smart Choices a Part of Your Life" is available on Yahoo! Shopping and Amazon.com.

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comments from our community

Showing 1 - 15 of 33 comments

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  • Posted by Brian Mon Mar 2, 2009 11:12am PST
    Here is thing about recycling plastic bags; most don't become a bag again. They are not recycled they are downcycled into something like plastic lumber which can’t be recycled. So don’t pick plastic bags and don’t pick paper either. BUY REUSABLE and outlaw plastic.
    Report Abuse
  • Posted by dabigman Mon Mar 2, 2009 2:32pm PST
    Yes bags may be turned into the "plastic lumber" however when treated with a little respect the "plastic" lumber will outlive the steel the bench or table its being used with.
    Report Abuse
  • Posted by Alicia Mon Mar 2, 2009 8:47pm PST
    1.The raw material of plastic bags is oil. Therefore, the more we use plastic bags, the more we waste oil - a non-renewable energy source. 2. The petroleum-based plastic bags take decades to break down, so if they are not recycled they litter. It creates visual pollution: in the streets, on the beaches etc. Also, they can clog roadside drains, which could cause street flooding during heavy rainfall. 3. Plastic bags can be recycled but it rarely happens: according to the United States Environmental Protection Agency, only 1% of plastic bags were recycled in 2000, against twenty percent for paper bags. 4. They endanger wildlife and particularly sea life such as sea turtles and dolphins which can die of entanglement, suffocation, and ingestion because they assume that these bags are jellyfish. re-usable bags are the best option
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  • Posted by Amy G Wed Mar 4, 2009 4:43am PST
    BUY REUSABLE THERES NO QUESTIONS THEY LAST LONGER FIT MORE HANDLES ARE STRONGER BUT YOU HAVE TO REMEBER TO BRING THEM IN FROM THE CAR !
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  • Posted by Anna Wed Mar 4, 2009 5:39am PST
    Plastic bags have many uses. You can store things in them, throw out opened cans, fruit peelings, tie up old clothing to throw out, etc. I save them and use them for whatever purpose...
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  • Posted by buckeye431@verizon.net Wed Mar 4, 2009 6:59am PST
    90% of anything of paper from wood comes from commercial tree farms. That is renewable. They are not cutting down virgin forests or the rain forest to make paper bags, or computer paper etc. So many myths out there that just make people feel good.
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  • Posted by Doris Thu Mar 5, 2009 9:48am PST
    Speaking for the elders in the community, I have a strong preference for paper bags because I lift them with stronger arm and back muscles rather than my hands; plastic bags are very hard on arthritic fingers. Also, plastic bags dump contents in the back of my car to roll around until I find someone younger to climb inside to retrieve the food (hoping it's not perishable and stinky before it gets located). Paper bags in the kitchen hold recyclables until pick up day rather than making multiple trips outdoors to the blue bin. Plastic bags (all Walmart carries despite my requests) are stored in my car until I carry them back to the store to recycle.
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  • Posted by AnitaL Sat Mar 7, 2009 8:58am PST
    here in my country , people use plastic bag as paper bag is unpopular and can't store many things( cause it can torn easily when u buy lots of things ). I've ask this questions and the answer is simple. Plastic bag is cheaper than paper bag. recycling is a big problem! but sometimes it's just the economic demand make things worse . Why we still produce plastic bag when we know it's not good . that's just because people still wanting it. so i start it from my self ... and hope that those smart people can find out the clues for this problems \( _
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  • Posted by jonnythe Sat Mar 7, 2009 9:06am PST
    I've never heard anybody mention that paper is more rigid than plastic and protects your produce better...unless you want your delicate apricots to become apricot jam before you get home, and relish bruised salad. Paper is also more more rigid than cloth re-usable bags. So...my solution is to use reusable bags that fold up tiny and stay in my purse for groceries that are squish-proof, then use paper bags for produce and reuse them for recyclables.
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  • Posted by CoachF Sat Mar 7, 2009 9:17am PST
    Let's focus on having a Nuclear pact with Russia, make sure North Korea doesn't blow up Alaska... and make sure there is enough money in our pockets to even shop at a store, before we worry about Paper, or Plastic.
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  • Posted by Mary J Sat Mar 7, 2009 9:19am PST
    We take our plastic bags back to the grocery store for them to recyle. It is so easy,because you are going back to the grocery store anyway
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  • Posted by Jenny Sat Mar 7, 2009 9:32am PST
    Some uses for paper bags many have forgotten because we have gotton so "material" is book covers for kids at school; dontate these bags to the school. Do art projects with kids, donate them to food banks to distribute foods. use them as a barrier between surfaces and projects around the house, coloring, painting, staining and so forth. I do have many cloth bags for the store but I forget to get them into the car. I haven't gotten myself trained yet. Until then i will use paper.
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  • Posted by BelleZora Sat Mar 7, 2009 10:28am PST
    Over the years I've picked up thousands of bags blowing around 2 national parks where I worked. Next time you're out driving or walking, notice plastic bags that may be littering up the landscape.
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  • Posted by rickyB Sat Mar 7, 2009 12:59pm PST
    Where I live in Southern California, and most nearby communities, paper bags ARE recyclable. We put them in the recycle bin with tin and aluminum cans, plastic bottles, newspapers, and other recyclables. We are not allowed to put plastic bags in the recycle bin. Some stores put up containers for customers to "recycle" bags to, but after a few months the programs go away. Always. And for a few weeks, some people who have brought bags just leave them on the sidewalk near the door. Guess where those go? Apparently the basic program for this product to recycle is not well established. We have begun to use reusable bags, but sometimes forget to take them or buy when we didn't plan to buy. I prefer canvas just in case they get lost and end up in the landfill. Sooner or later they all wear out and have to go somewhere. We use grocery size paper bags as containers for other recyclables and drop them in the bin when full. Sometimes a surplus builds up and has to go into the bin without reuse before recycling. We use plastic bags (no choice some places) as trash can liners and avoid using trash bags for that. I do what I can, but still wish we didn't put so much in land fills. (Maybe we need to consume less overall.) For now, I'm looking into some fabric reusuables that fold into a small pack (size of man's wallet) so you can take one with you in pocket or purse even when you aren't planning to buy anything.
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  • Posted by louisvillefreecyclelady Sat Mar 7, 2009 3:10pm PST
    I never read responses to these articles, because I get absolutely furious at the stupidity of many of my fellow Americans. Do you not realize that 90% of the "big" issues that we are facing as a country are inextricably linked to the use of natural resources? Why are we involved in the Middle East? Why would North Korea think to target Alaska? I think those who resort to classification and name calling should really reconsider the discussion of a "good car"--don't think you can name a good one from the US either (unless we still believe the world is the same place it was 30 years ago).
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